{"id":320,"date":"2025-11-20T01:59:36","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T01:59:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/afterdeathstudy.org\/?p=320"},"modified":"2025-11-20T01:59:37","modified_gmt":"2025-11-20T01:59:37","slug":"grief-emotional-healing-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/afterdeathstudy.org\/vi\/grief-emotional-healing-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110au bu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh c\u1ea3m x\u00fac"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft, n\u1ed7i \u0111au bu\u1ed3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm hy v\u1ecdng sau m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t.<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1: S\u1ef1 giao thoa l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i lo l\u1eafng hi\u1ec7n sinh<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.1 \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7i \u0111au bu\u1ed3n: Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh so v\u1edbi r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3n phi\u1ec1n sau m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa n\u1ed7i \u0111au bu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, dai d\u1eb3ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft (Thanatophobia). M\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda hi\u1ec7n sinh n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m l\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 l\u00ean ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft cao c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. \u1ede nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t y t\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng Li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe (HRQoL). <sup>1<\/sup> v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n.<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.2 Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t: R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111au bu\u1ed3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i (PGD)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i T\u00e2m th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc Hoa K\u1ef3 (APA) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0110au bu\u1ed3n K\u00e9o d\u00e0i (PGD) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong ng\u00e0nh t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc. <em>DSM-5-TR<\/em> (xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2022).<sup>4<\/sup> Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng PGD l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m n\u1eb7ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n lo \u00e2u kh\u00e1c, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. PGD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y trong \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, x\u1ea3y ra \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 12 th\u00e1ng sau khi m\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n.<sup>6<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a PGD ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0... <strong>S\u1ef1 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n danh t\u00ednh<\/strong> (&#039;c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft&#039;) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <strong>C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ho\u00e0i nghi r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t<\/strong> V\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft.<sup>4<\/sup> H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 <strong>Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf<\/strong> v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 <strong>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp<\/strong> (V\u00ed d\u1ee5: kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 ho\u1eb7c l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai) cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<sup>4<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i \u00fd m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. V\u00ec PGD v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra \u00fd ngh\u0129a k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, n\u00ean can thi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c-hi\u1ec7n sinh (t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u00fd ngh\u0129a) v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi (ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a PGD (V\u00ed d\u1ee5)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>B\u1ea3n s\u1eafc\/S\u1ef1 ho\u00e0i nghi<\/strong><\/td><td>R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng (c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft); C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft.<\/td><td><sup>4<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9<\/strong><\/td><td>Tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi.<\/td><td><sup>4<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea3m x\u00fac<\/strong><\/td><td>N\u1ed7i \u0111au tinh th\u1ea7n d\u1eef d\u1ed9i (gi\u1eadn d\u1eef, cay \u0111\u1eafng, bu\u1ed3n r\u1ea7u) li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft.<\/td><td><sup>4<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/strong><\/td><td>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp (giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai); C\u1ea3m x\u00fac t\u00ea li\u1ec7t; C\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a; C\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/td><td><sup>4<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1.3 Ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda hi\u1ec7n sinh: Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft (Thanatophobia) b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nan gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. <strong>quan \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1eddi gian t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/strong> v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m <strong>kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ea3m x\u00fac<\/strong>, \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 lo l\u1eafng.<sup>7<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. N\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 tham gia v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m lo l\u1eafng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 <strong>chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh vi<\/strong> trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n &#039;t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm hy v\u1ecdng&#039; (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4). H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y suy gi\u1ea3m s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong giao ti\u1ebfp \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i, cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe (HRQoL).<sup>1<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2: V\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft (Thanatophobia) th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.1 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n: Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (CBT)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (CBT) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a Menzies v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng CBT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft. <sup>8<\/sup>, \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (CBT).<sup>9<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (CBT) bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m tin sai l\u1ec7ch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m tin tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan) v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh duy tr\u00ec n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i.<sup>8<\/sup> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft. Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (CBT) ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 chu k\u1ef3 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh n\u00e0y, cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 hi\u1ec7n sinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.2 Ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng phi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c: C\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m (MBIs)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p so s\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m (MBIs) v\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (CBT) trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng lo \u00e2u cho th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb (lo \u00e2u, tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea5c ng\u1ee7).<sup>10<\/sup> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m (MBI) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p thay th\u1ebf cho li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c-h\u00e0nh vi (CBT). <sup>10<\/sup>, mang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i kh\u00e1c cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (CBT).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hai li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m lo \u00e2u th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong khi CBT gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft lo \u00e2u th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, MBI th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ti\u1ebft c\u1ea3m x\u00fac.<sup>8<\/sup> Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ni\u1ec1m tin v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean kia, cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<sup>12<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3 C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi: Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u1eefng ranh gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n sinh<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i hi\u1ec7n sinh \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y m\u1edf ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb th\u1ee9 ba b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3.1 Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 LSD v\u00e0 Psilocybin, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1c quan v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u01b0 duy.<sup>3<\/sup> Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi t\u00e2m tr\u00ed kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t &quot;tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ea7n b\u00ed&quot; \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft.<sup>3<\/sup> Trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb lo \u00e2u do c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u00f3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 lo \u00e2u v\u00e0 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng (QOL).<sup>3<\/sup> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u00e2u d\u00e0i m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2.3.2 M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ea3o (VR)<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ea3o (VR) d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t h\u1ed3n (Out-of-Body Experience - OBE).<sup>3<\/sup> C\u00e1c m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ngo\u00e0i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 (OBE) m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o sau khi ch\u1ebft t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, NDE).<sup>3<\/sup> C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ea3o (VR), \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m xu\u1ea5t h\u1ed3n (OBE), \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u1edf nh\u00f3m th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y VR c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ean kia v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 lu\u1eadn.<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c cho ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111au bu\u1ed3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i (PGD)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.1 S\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb chuy\u00ean khoa<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111au bu\u1ed3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i (PGD) kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c lo \u00e2u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. C\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng (RCT) \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (CBT), li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m l\u00fd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (IPT) v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 Bupropion kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eafm m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7i \u0111au bu\u1ed3n.<sup>2<\/sup> Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n PGD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.2 C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111au bu\u1ed3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p (CGT)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111au bu\u1ed3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p (CGT) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean (RCT) l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m l\u00fd ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111au bu\u1ed3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i (PGD).<sup>2<\/sup> Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (CGT) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p duy nh\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m c\u1ea3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111au bu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m \u0111i k\u00e8m.<sup>2<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CGT l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a, th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m 16 bu\u1ed5i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac xung quanh b\u1ea3y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. <sup>2<\/sup>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>\u0110\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n:<\/strong> Gi\u00fap b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n t\u00e1i h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t:<\/strong> Nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n ch\u1eb7t v\u1edbi k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n y\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>T\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea3m x\u00fac:<\/strong> Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai l\u1ec7ch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u1ed7i \u0111au tinh th\u1ea7n d\u1eef d\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.3 Vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u01a1i s\u00e1ng<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m sau sinh (PGD) l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (CBT) t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng PGD so v\u1edbi CBT kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<sup>15<\/sup> L\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn hai n\u0103m sau \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e0 &quot;th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh&quot; trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb PGD.<sup>15<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u1edf hai d\u1ea1ng <sup>2<\/sup>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>H\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1i:<\/strong> Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng k\u00fd \u1ee9c \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c, gi\u00fap b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 k\u00fd \u1ee9c \u0111au bu\u1ed3n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng:<\/strong> B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u00e1i h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n qua \u0111\u1eddi, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0nh vi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd n\u00e0y kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a PGD c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ed5 ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u00ec PGD v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh, n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111au bu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd.<sup>15<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>S\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng\/so s\u00e1nh<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>L\u1ee3i \u00edch d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb \u0111au bu\u1ed3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p (CGT)<\/strong><\/td><td>Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac (t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\/t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng), T\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn b\u00f3, T\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i.<\/td><td>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i so v\u1edbi IPT, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 Bupropion.<sup>2<\/sup><\/td><td>L\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: theo d\u00f5i trong 2 n\u0103m).<sup>15<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>CBT (Kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac)<\/strong><\/td><td>T\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/td><td>K\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi CGT\/CBT, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac.<sup>15<\/sup><\/td><td>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3m tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u.<sup>15<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean web<\/strong><\/td><td>Cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc CBT th\u00f4ng qua h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng).<\/td><td>V\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i (<em>g<\/em> = 0,54) g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn (<em>g<\/em> = 0,86) v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111au bu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng sau ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng so v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng.<sup>17<\/sup><\/td><td>C\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh theo th\u1eddi gian.<sup>17<\/sup><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3.4 M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn: Ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (N=1.257) v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean internet, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb PGD hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 (CBT), x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u1ecbu tang.<sup>17<\/sup> C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean web cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111au bu\u1ed3n (<em>g<\/em> = 0,54) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng PTSD (<em>g<\/em> = 0,86), v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng duy tr\u00ec \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh theo th\u1eddi gian.<sup>17<\/sup> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean web l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb PGD b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe.<sup>4<\/sup> Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bu\u1ed5i tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u00fap t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a ngay c\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1.<sup>17<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4: \u00dd ngh\u0129a - T\u00e1i thi\u1ebft, Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sau ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng (T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm hy v\u1ecdng)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.1 L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 n\u1ed7i \u0111au bu\u1ed3n: X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111au bu\u1ed3n, theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Robert A. Neimeyer, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc do m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t.<sup>18<\/sup> M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y xem n\u1ed7i \u0111au bu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n m\u1edbi, kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch mang l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a cho s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t.<sup>18<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>C\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong> Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a <strong>qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u00fd ngh\u0129a, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9.<\/strong>.<sup>18<\/sup> Khi m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m tan v\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng l\u00fd c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i x\u1ea3y ra.<sup>20<\/sup> H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi (thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc) d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<sup>18<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.2 \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sau ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng (PTG)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Trong khi \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111au bu\u1ed3n, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sau ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng (PTG), theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Tedeschi v\u00e0 Calhoun, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e2m l\u00fd t\u00edch c\u1ef1c di\u1ec5n ra sau m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t.<sup>21<\/sup> S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sau ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng (PTG) di\u1ec5n ra th\u00f4ng qua n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i m\u1edbi.<sup>21<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n do ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e2y ra. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n, v\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ec PTG (Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sau ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<sup>18<\/sup> Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee9ng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tr\u1ea7m c\u1ea3m sau sinh (PGD).<sup>18<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng gi\u1eefa \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb PGD (ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac) v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm hy v\u1ecdng (t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft). Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac, gi\u00fap kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a PGD, l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft \u00fd ngh\u0129a. M\u1ed9t khi s\u1ef1 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4.3 C\u00e1c l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u00e1i h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh &#039;t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm&#039; hy v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh &#039;x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng&#039; ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t (\u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft) sang vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i (k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh vi) \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li class=\"\"><strong>K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3:<\/strong> S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vun \u0111\u1eafp th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch c\u1ef1c t\u00e1i h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i \u0111au m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i, c\u1ea7n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p... <strong>k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh vi<\/strong> v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 <strong>\u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i<\/strong>.<sup>23<\/sup> Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<sup>23<\/sup><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"\"><strong>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 phi l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng:<\/strong> C\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ednh cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i, s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ed3ng trang l\u1ee9a r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 suy ng\u1eabm, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u00e0 tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i.<sup>24<\/sup> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5: L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.1 T\u00edch h\u1ee3p can thi\u1ec7p: M\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft (Thanatophobia), r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111au bu\u1ed3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i (PGD) v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm hy v\u1ecdng (t\u00e1i thi\u1ebft \u00fd ngh\u0129a) t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng duy nh\u1ea5t. Ba l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1: \u1ed4n \u0111\u1ecbnh tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp hi\u1ec7n sinh (Ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh vi (CBT) ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m (MBI) \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng lo \u00e2u c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c nh\u1eb1m kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai b\u1ecb suy y\u1ebfu do n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft.&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;\/sup&gt; C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi m\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ni\u1ec1m tin hi\u1ec7n sinh.&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;\/sup&gt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2: \u0110\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng (PGD)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n PGD, h\u00e3y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p \u0110au bu\u1ed3n Ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p (CGT), k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u1ef1 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u00fd \u1ee9c ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi.&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;\/sup&gt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3: T\u00e1i thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n (Hy v\u1ecdng)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sau khi x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc.&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;\/sup&gt; Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0nh vi v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.&lt;sup&gt;24&lt;\/sup&gt;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2 Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2.1 Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c-h\u00e0nh vi d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean web mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 quan tr\u1ecdng cho PGD, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng (RCT) nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3\u2014ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ho\u1eb7c c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n\u2014n\u00ean l\u00e0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<sup>17<\/sup> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m d\u00e2n c\u01b0 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<sup>23<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5.2.2 \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C\u00e1c li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n sinh mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 nh\u01b0 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 \u201ckh\u00f4ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n\u201d.<sup>3<\/sup> V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u00f3. <sup>3<\/sup>, C\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u1ec1 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Tr\u00edch d\u1eabn<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>URL ngu\u1ed3n<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><sup>19<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7402586\/\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7402586\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>22<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/15325024.2020.1762972\">https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/15325024.2020.1762972<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>5<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/patients-families\/prolonged-grief-disorder\">https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/patients-families\/prolonged-grief-disorder<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>16<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychiatrist.com\/jcp\/treating-prolonged-grief-disorder\/\">https:\/\/www.psychiatrist.com\/jcp\/treating-prolonged-grief-disorder\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>13<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/med.virginia.edu\/perceptual-studies\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/360\/2021\/02\/Addressing-fear-of-death-and-dying-traditional-and-innovative-interventions.pdf\">https:\/\/med.virginia.edu\/perceptual-studies\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/360\/2021\/02\/Addressing-fear-of-death-and-dying-traditional-and-innovative-interventions.pdf<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>12<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/med.virginia.edu\/perceptual-studies\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/360\/2021\/02\/Addressing-fear-of-death-and-dying-traditional-and-innovative-interventions.pdf\">https:\/\/med.virginia.edu\/perceptual-studies\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/360\/2021\/02\/Addressing-fear-of-death-and-dying-traditional-and-innovative-interventions.pdf<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>14<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8475918\/\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8475918\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>9<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9804815\/\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9804815\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>3<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/med.virginia.edu\/perceptual-studies\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/360\/2021\/02\/Addressing-fear-of-death-and-dying-traditional-and-innovative-interventions.pdf\">https:\/\/med.virginia.edu\/perceptual-studies\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/360\/2021\/02\/Addressing-fear-of-death-and-dying-traditional-and-innovative-interventions.pdf<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>1<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/389519309_A_meta-analysis_of_the_association_of_death_anxiety_with_psychological_distress_and_psychopathology\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/389519309_A_meta-analysis_of_the_association_of_death_anxiety_with_psychological_distress_and_psychopathology<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>4<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/patients-families\/prolonged-grief-disorder\">https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/patients-families\/prolonged-grief-disorder<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>6<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/patients-families\/prolonged-grief-disorder\">https:\/\/www.psychiatry.org\/patients-families\/prolonged-grief-disorder<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>7<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/13548506.2025.2536870?src=\">https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/13548506.2025.2536870?src=<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>8<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9804815\/\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC9804815\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>10<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/apm.amegroups.org\/article\/view\/73159\/html\">https:\/\/apm.amegroups.org\/article\/view\/73159\/html<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>11<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/apm.amegroups.org\/article\/view\/73159\/html\">https:\/\/apm.amegroups.org\/article\/view\/73159\/html<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>2<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8475918\/\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC8475918\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>15<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.psychiatrist.com\/jcp\/treating-prolonged-grief-disorder\/\">https:\/\/www.psychiatrist.com\/jcp\/treating-prolonged-grief-disorder\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>17<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/psychiatry\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00525\/full\">https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/psychiatry\/articles\/10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.00525\/full<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>18<\/sup><\/td><td>(<a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/300003617_Meaning_Reconstruction_in_the_Wake_of_Loss_Evolution_of_a_Research_Program\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/300003617_Meaning_Reconstruction_in_the_Wake_of_Loss_Evolution_of_a_Research_Program<\/a>)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>20<\/sup><\/td><td>(https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/388958347_Meaning-Making_in_Grief_Work_and_Where_We_Stand_Today)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>21<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/15325024.2020.1762972\">https:\/\/www.tandfonline.com\/doi\/full\/10.1080\/15325024.2020.1762972<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>23<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7402586\/\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7402586\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><sup>24<\/sup><\/td><td><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7341024\/\">https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC7341024\/<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho ch\u1ee9ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft, \u0111au bu\u1ed3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y hy v\u1ecdng sau m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1: Giao thoa l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 lo \u00e2u hi\u1ec7n sinh 1.1 \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ph\u1ed5 \u0111au bu\u1ed3n: Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh so v\u1edbi r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 sau m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0111au bu\u1ed3n c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111au bu\u1ed3n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, dai d\u1eb3ng\u2026<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kadence_starter_templates_imported_post":false,"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-320","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - 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